The birth of the Paralympic movement
In 1948, a doctor at the Stoke Mandeville Rehabilitation Hospital, Ludwig Guttmann, together with Sir Luke Guinness, organized sports games for injured World War II veterans and brought together British veterans returning from the Second World War with spinal cord damage to participate in sports competitions.
Called the "Father of Sports for the Disabled," Guttman was a strong proponent of using sports to improve the quality of life for people with spinal cord injuries. The first Games, which became the prototype of the Paralympic Games, were called the Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games 1948 and coincided with the Olympic Games in London.
The IX Stoke Mandeville Games, which were open not only to war veterans, took place in 1960 in Rome. They are considered the first official Paralympic Games (the numbering of the Paralympic Games was adopted "retroactively" in 1988). 400 wheelchair athletes from 23 countries competed in Rome. Since that time, the rapid development of the Paralympic movement in the world began.
In 1989, the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) was created.